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Individuals who sit or stay sedentary for greater than 14 hours a day, on common, might have a better threat of a cardiovascular occasion or demise within the yr after therapy at a hospital for signs of a coronary heart assault akin to chest ache, in keeping with new analysis revealed in Circulation: Cardiovascular High quality and Outcomes.
Earlier analysis by the research authors discovered that individuals who had skilled a coronary heart assault have been spending as much as 12 to 13 hours every day being sedentary, outlined as any awake exercise that concerned little-to-no bodily motion.
On this research, the researchers used a wrist accelerometer to trace the period of time every participant spent transferring or being sedentary for a median of 30 days after discharge from a hospital’s emergency division.
Wrist accelerometers measure the acceleration of movement in three instructions—forwards and backwards, side-to-side, and up and down. These measurements allowed the researchers to deduce the depth of a participant’s bodily exercise, and so they present extra correct measurements of the contributors’ time spent transferring, somewhat than asking contributors to recollect.
Some examples of moderate-intensity bodily actions are brisk strolling, water aerobics, dancing, taking part in doubles tennis or gardening, and examples of vigorous-intensity actions are working, lap swimming, heavy yardwork akin to steady digging or hoeing, taking part in singles tennis or leaping rope.
“Current treatment guidelines after a cardiac event focus mainly on encouraging patients to exercise regularly,” mentioned research lead creator Keith Diaz, Ph.D., the Florence Irving Affiliate Professor of Behavioral Drugs at Columbia College Medical Middle in New York Metropolis, an authorized train physiologist and a volunteer member of the American Coronary heart Affiliation’s Bodily Exercise Science Committee.
“In our study, we explored whether sedentary time itself may contribute to cardiovascular risk.”
Researchers adopted greater than 600 adults, ages 21 to 96, handled for a coronary heart assault or chest ache within the emergency division at a single hospital system in New York Metropolis.
Members wore a wrist accelerometer for a median of 30 consecutive days after hospital discharge to measure the period of time they spent sitting or being inactive every day. Further cardiac occasions and deaths have been evaluated one yr after hospital discharge through cellphone surveys with sufferers, digital well being information and the Social Safety Dying Index.
The research was centered on understanding the chance of sedentary habits and figuring out modifiable threat components that will enhance long-term outcomes on this high-risk group.
The evaluation discovered:
In comparison with contributors within the group with the very best bodily exercise degree, these within the group with the bottom exercise degree had a 2.58 occasions larger threat of getting one other coronary heart drawback or dying inside the subsequent yr.
Changing half-hour of sedentary time with half-hour of reasonable to vigorous bodily exercise, day by day, lowered the chance of opposed cardiovascular occasions or demise by 61%; changing the sedentary time with light-intensity bodily exercise lowered threat by 50%; and changing the sedentary time with half-hour of sleep lowered threat by 14%.
In accordance with accelerometer knowledge, contributors in probably the most bodily energetic group had common day by day bodily exercise measures of 143.8 minutes of sunshine bodily exercise; 25 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous bodily exercise; 11.7 hours spent sedentary; and eight.4 hours of sleep.
Members within the least bodily energetic group had day by day averages of 82.2 minutes every day of sunshine bodily exercise; 2.7 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous bodily exercise; 15.6 hours spent sedentary; and 6.6 hours of sleep.
Members within the group between most and least bodily energetic had day by day averages of 109.2 minutes of sunshine depth bodily exercise; 11.4 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous depth bodily exercise; 13.5 hours spent sedentary and seven.8 hours of sleep.
“We were surprised that replacing sedentary time with sleep also lowered risk. Sleep is a restorative behavior that helps the body and mind recover, which is especially important after a serious health event like a heart attack,” Diaz mentioned.
“Our study indicates that one doesn’t have to start running marathons after a cardiovascular event to see benefits. Sitting less and moving or sleeping a little more can make a real difference. More physical activity and more sleep are healthier than sitting, so we hope these findings support health professionals to move toward a more holistic, flexible and individualized approach for physical activity in patients after a heart attack or chest pain.”
Bodily exercise and sleep are each key parts of the American Coronary heart Affiliation’s Life’s Important 8, an inventory of well being behaviors and components that assist optimum cardiovascular well being. Poor sleep is a identified threat issue for heart problems, which claims extra lives every year within the U.S. than all types of most cancers and continual decrease respiratory illness mixed, in keeping with the American Coronary heart Affiliation’s 2025 Statistical Replace.
Along with sleep period, a current scientific assertion from the Affiliation highlighted the significance of sleep continuity, sleep timing, sleep satisfaction, sleep regularity, sleep-related daytime functioning and sleep structure in cardiometabolic well being.
The research had a number of limitations, together with that the definition of sedentary habits was based mostly solely on the depth degree of bodily motion, which means that the research might have overestimated the time contributors spent in sedentary habits. Moreover, there was no details about contributors’ earnings and traits of the neighborhoods the place they stay, which limits the research’s means to account for social and environmental components, together with contributors’ threat of one-year cardiac occasions and deaths.
Additionally, hospital discharge details about whether or not sufferers have been despatched dwelling, referred to rehabilitation or referred to different care facilities akin to expert nursing services weren’t collected. This restricted the research’s means to totally assess whether or not the sufferers’ settings had an affect on their restoration.
“This study provides further support for a ‘sit less, move more’ strategy and—important for patients recently hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome who may have barriers to more intense exercise—found that increasing light-intensity activities by 30 minutes a day was related to dramatic reductions in the risk of a cardiac event within the next year,” mentioned Bethany Barone Gibbs, Ph.D., FAHA, a professor and chair of the division of epidemiology and biostatistics on the Faculty of Public Well being at West Virginia College in Morgantown, West Virginia, and speedy previous chair of the American Coronary heart Affiliation’s Bodily Exercise Committee.
“This study found that replacing sedentary time with light-intensity activities, like tidying up the house or strolling at a slow pace, was nearly as beneficial as moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activities, like biking or doing aerobics. In addition, replacing just 30 minutes of sedentary behavior with any intensity of physical activity more than halved the risk of having a cardiac event over the one-year follow-up,” she mentioned.
“These findings suggest sitting less and doing anything else—like taking a walk, cooking, playing with your dog or gardening—will help you stay healthier.”
Examine particulars, background and design:
The research included 609 adults who have been handled within the hospital emergency division for signs of chest ache and coronary heart assault, suggestive of acute coronary syndrome, between September 2016 and March 2020, at Columbia College Irving Medical Middle in New York Metropolis.
When discharged from the hospital, research contributors acquired an accelerometer to put on on their wrists to trace their sedentary and bodily exercise habits. Members accomplished follow-up cellphone interviews at one month and one yr after hospital discharge.
Members have been requested to put on the accelerometers for 30 consecutive days and most did, the researchers mentioned; all contributors who wore the gadget for at the least 4 consecutive days have been included within the evaluation. The median variety of days that contributors wore accelerometers was 30 days. (Of observe: The accelerometers used on this research had a battery lifetime of ~45 days, subsequently, they didn’t to be taken off to be charged.)
Examine contributors have been a mean age of 62 years previous; 48% have been ladies, and 52% have been males. Roughly 58% of contributors self-identified as Hispanic adults; 22.8% have been non-Hispanic Black adults; 11% have been non-Hispanic white adults; and eight.2% self-identified as a race or ethnicity listed below “Other.”
Inside one yr of hospital discharge, 8.2% of sufferers (n=50) skilled a cardiac occasion or died.
The research was supported by grants from the Nationwide Institutes of Well being and the Nationwide Coronary heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
Extra data:
Sedentary Conduct and Cardiac Occasions and Mortality After Hospitalization for Acute Coronary Syndrome Signs: A Potential Examine, Circulation Cardiovascular High quality and Outcomes (2025). DOI: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.124.011644
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American Coronary heart Affiliation
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An excessive amount of sitting after coronary heart assault tied to better probability of one other occasion (2025, Could 19)
retrieved 19 Could 2025
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