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Birch pollen allergy is likely one of the commonest allergic reactions in Europe and impacts round 450,000 individuals in Austria alone. It significantly impairs the standard of life and might result in power ailments similar to bronchial asthma in the long run. Regardless of this significance, little was beforehand identified in regards to the exercise of genes which might be immediately linked to allergic reactions within the nasal mucosa. A latest research by KL Krems, MedUni Vienna and different companions now exhibits for the primary time important variations in gene exercise within the nasal mucosa between these affected and people not affected.
The research gives new insights into the genetic mechanisms of birch pollen allergy. The analysis crew noticed considerably extra energetic genes for immunological signaling pathways within the nasal mucosa of allergy victims after publicity to birch pollen than in unaffected people. The outcomes of the research printed within the journal Allergy open up new prospects for prevention and personalised therapies.
Insights into mobile reactions
The analysis targeted specifically on the transcriptome profiles (gene expression patterns) of the nasal mucosa when uncovered to birch pollen.
“Our analyses show that significantly more genes are activated in allergy sufferers than in those who are not affected,” explains research chief Priv.-Doz. Dr. Christine Hafner, from the Division of Dermatology and Venerology on the St. Pölten College Hospital, a instructing and analysis location of KL Krems.
“The activation of numerous genes associated with inflammation and immune defense was particularly striking. The results of the study open up new approaches for personalized therapies and the development of innovative preventive measures to better protect those affected.”
Intimately, the research confirmed that 160 genes within the nasal mucosa considerably modified their exercise after publicity to birch pollen in allergy victims, whereas this was solely the case for 44 genes in non-affected people. Above all, immunological signaling pathways similar to granulocyte chemotaxis and IL-8 signaling pathways had been activated, but additionally mechanisms of wound therapeutic and cell migration. In truth, these modifications occurred just some minutes after provocation, whereas they weren’t detectable in unaffected people.
“We also found significantly higher concentrations of specific pro-inflammatory molecules such as CCL17, IL-16 and IL-33 in allergy sufferers,” explains Univ.-Prof. Dr. Heimo Breiteneder from the Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Analysis at MedUni Vienna’s Middle for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology. “These molecules could play key roles in allergic reactions and serve as a starting point for new therapies.”
The cooperation companions, which additionally embody MedUni Vienna’s Division of Otorhinolaryngology, additionally found that the nasal mucosa has stronger barrier features in unaffected individuals, together with elevated manufacturing of proteins that promote the steadiness of the mucosa.
Offered by
Karl Landsteiner College of Well being Sciences
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Genetic predisposition to birch pollen allergy decoded (2025, January 15)
retrieved 16 January 2025
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