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The largest and most complete evaluation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists on kidney and cardiovascular outcomes reveals they’ve vital advantages in folks with and with out diabetes. The findings have been printed in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.
Initially developed to deal with diabetes, GLP-1 receptor agonists mimic the motion of a hormone referred to as glucagon-like peptide 1, which stimulates insulin manufacturing and lowers blood sugar ranges. Extra lately, they’ve emerged as efficient therapies for weight problems—slowing digestion, growing emotions of fullness, and decreasing starvation.
However whereas the advantages of GLP-1 receptor agonists for the remedy of sort 2 diabetes, weight problems and heart problems are well-known, their affect on power kidney illness (CKD) has been much less sure.
Researchers performed a meta-analysis of 11 large-scale medical trials of GLP-1 receptor agonists involving a complete of 85,373 folks (67,769 folks with sort 2 diabetes and 17,604 folks with obese or weight problems and heart problems however with out diabetes).
Seven totally different GLP-1 receptor agonists have been investigated among the many trials, together with semaglutide (also called Ozempic or Wegovy), dulaglutide (Trulicity) and liraglutide (Victoza).
The outcomes confirmed that in comparison with placebo, GLP-1 receptor agonists lowered the chance of kidney failure by 16% and the worsening of kidney operate by 22% (outlined by a drop in estimated glomerular filtration charge—a measure of how a lot blood the kidneys filter clear each minute—of at the least 50%). The mixed discount within the danger of kidney failure, worsening kidney operate, and loss of life resulting from kidney illness was 19%.
The evaluation additionally confirmed earlier findings that GLP-1 receptor agonists shield cardiovascular well being, with a 14% discount within the danger of cardiovascular loss of life, non-fatal coronary heart assault, and non-fatal stroke, in comparison with placebo. Demise by any trigger was 13% decrease amongst sufferers handled with GLP-1 receptor agonists.
Lead creator Professor Sunil Badve, Professorial Fellow at The George Institute for World Well being and UNSW Sydney mentioned the examine expanded present information about this class of medication in key areas, together with advantages in folks with CKD, and in folks with and with out diabetes.
“This is the first study to show a clear benefit of GLP-1 receptor agonists on kidney failure or end-stage kidney disease, suggesting they have a key role in kidney-protective and heart-protective treatment for patients with common medical conditions like type 2 diabetes, overweight or obesity with cardiovascular disease, or CKD,” he mentioned.
“These results are particularly important for patients with chronic kidney disease. It is a progressive condition eventually leading to kidney failure requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation and is associated with premature death, mostly from heart disease. It has a significant impact on patients’ quality of life and incurs substantial health care costs.”
CKD is estimated to have an effect on one in 10 folks worldwide, equal to round 850 million folks. It’s the tenth main explanation for loss of life and is projected to turn out to be the fifth commonest explanation for loss of life by 2050. Diabetes, heart problems and weight problems are unbiased danger components for CKD and symbolize a significant world well being burden.
Professor Vlado Perkovic, Professorial Fellow at The George Institute, Provost at UNSW Sydney and senior creator on the examine mentioned, “This analysis reveals that GLP-1 receptor agonists might play an essential function in addressing the worldwide burden of non-communicable illnesses. Our examine may have a significant affect on medical tips for the administration of power kidney illness and heart problems in folks with and with out diabetes.
“More work is now needed to implement the results of this study into clinical practice and improve access to GLP-1 receptor agonists to people who will benefit from them.”
Extra data:
Results of GLP-1 receptor agonists on kidney and heart problems outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomised managed trials, The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2024). DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00271-7
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George Institute for World Well being
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Standard diabetes and weight problems medicine additionally shield kidneys, examine reveals (2024, November 25)
retrieved 25 November 2024
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