Pseudomonas-induced antibody-mediated rejection of lung allografts in mice. Credit score: Science Translational Medication (2025). DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adu6563
A big staff of surgeons and organ transplant researchers affiliated with a number of establishments throughout the U.S. has discovered an affiliation between lung transplant sufferers who grow to be contaminated with the micro organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa and rejection of the transplanted lung.
Of their examine printed within the journal Science Translational Medication, the group analyzed lung transplant case histories on the lookout for sufferers with P. aeruginosa and lung rejection. Idaira M. Guerrero-Fonseca and Bryan G. Yipp with the College of Calgary have printed a Focus piece in the identical journal difficulty outlining the work.
The reduction that sufferers with sick lungs expertise after a lung transplant is commonly rapidly displaced by concern of their physique rejecting the brand new lungs regardless of immunosuppressive medication. Lung transplantation has one of many lowest charges of success of all organ transplants.
One of many staff members observed that many sufferers who skilled lung rejection additionally had a P. aeruginosa an infection. The staff questioned if such infections performed a job in transplant rejections. To seek out out, they analyzed affected person case histories and located the speed to be increased than anticipated. This prompted them to conduct experiments with lab mice.
Of their lab experiments, in any other case wholesome lab mice have been contaminated with P. aeruginosa and have been then given new lungs from one other mouse. Because the staff monitored their progress, they discovered that the check mice contaminated with P. aeruginosa skilled bacterial unfold to lymphoid tissue, the place the an infection killed CD4+ cells. That led to progress within the variety of B cells expressing a protein known as CXCR3, which have been delicate to antigens within the donated lungs. Consequently, the B cells produced donor-specific antibodies, which led to rejection of the lungs.
The staff additionally discovered that giving the check mice medication that blocked the expression of CXCR3 by the B cells inhibited the mechanism that led to rejection, permitting the mice to maintain their new lungs. Thus, the staff not solely discovered a potential affiliation between P. aeruginosa infections and rejection of transplanted lungs, however a potential answer for the issue.
Extra data:
Fuyi Liao et al, Pseudomonas aeruginosa an infection induces intragraft lymphocytotoxicity that triggers lung transplant antibody-mediated rejection, Science Translational Medication (2025). DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adp1349
Idaira M. Guerrero-Fonseca et al, No tolerance for Pseudomonas in lung transplants, Science Translational Medication (2025). DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adu6563
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